- This protein consists of hundreds of amino acids, has a high variability.
- It is because of this that new strains of the influenza virus appear every year, and scientists have to constantly change the strains for the vaccine.
- Neuraminidase, which promotes the penetration of the virion into the host cells, also has antigenic properties.
- Every 20 to 30 years, a new serotype of the influenza virus is formed. A change in serotype causes a pandemic of the disease.
- Influenza A virus is the culprit of the most severe forms of the disease. It is isolated from pigs, horses and birds.
- Viruses of serotype B and C are dangerous only for humans. Influenza B viruses are less variable. The disease is local in nature and is more common in large groups.
- Influenza C viruses cause only sudden (sporadic) cases of illness, often in children of the first year of life.
- Its antigenic structure is constant and, as a rule, all children from the age of 10 have antibodies to this virus.
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Epidemiology and pathogenesis of the disease. The source of desyrel virus is a sick person. It remains highly contagious from the first hours of illness up to 3-5 days. Contribute to the mass spread of the disease, patients with erased forms of the disease. When coughing and sneezing, viruses spread into the environment with the slightest droplets of moisture. With particles of moisture from the patient, with dust fromgender and household items of the patient, they enter the body of a healthy person.
Warming up to 50 ° C and the effect of disinfectants on viruses is manifested instantly. Reproduction of viruses occurs in the cytoplasm of the epithelial cells of the respiratory tract. Particularly sensitive is the cylindrical epithelium of the inferior turbinates and trachea, which is damaged, necrotic and desquamated. Further, the viruses penetrate into the blood and affect the vascular endothelium, increasing their permeability. The blood vessels dilate and fill with blood. Hemorrhages occur, blood clots form, DIC develops.
With influenza, blood vessels and the nervous system (central and autonomic) are primarily affected. The body is protected from viruses by ds-RNA-dependent protein kinase and the induction of type 1 interferon, the activation of which is associated with the reproduction of viruses. As a result of their exposure, viruses begin to buy trazodone online after 20-40 hours from the moment of division (replication). Protect the body from viruses special subpopulations of blood cells lymphocytes.
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Body temperature in a short time rises to buy desyrel generic levels and lasts a short time (up to 3-5 days for influenza A and up to 7 days for influenza B). Another nature of the temperature indicates a bacterial complication. Fever is accompanied by chills and chilliness. Headache is localized in the frontal part and in the eyeballs. The movement of the eyeballs and pressure on them causes increased pain. Weakness and severe muscle and joint pain. There are mild and erased forms of influenza. It is this category of patients that spreads the infection during epidemics and pandemics.
Symptoms and signs of influenza in the upper respiratory tract. Influenza viruses have a tropism for the epithelium of the upper respiratory tract. On examination, patients noted redness of the soft palate and pharynx. In severe cases of the disease, nosebleeds and petechial hemorrhages in the soft palate are noted. The photo shows acute catarrhal angina. Hyperemia of the area of the lateral ridges, larynx and pharynx is noted. Symptoms and signs of influenza in severe illness.